The history of Confucianism

Born around the year 551 BC in the small town of Lu, now enter the province of Shantung in northeastern mainland China. In young widowed father, making life miserable in her mother's side.


When leaving an adult he became a petty civil servant but after the lapse of several years he decided to feel a lot better off alone. Throughout the next sixteen Kong Hu Cu-be teachers, little by little to find the influence of his philosophy and fad followers. Stepping on the age of fifty years of his star began to shine because he can perch on the city government Lu.

The good fortune apparently not always friendly for people who are jealous with this act and the act was dragged into court so that not only managed to remove it from the chair position, but also made him leave the city. No less than thirteen years-Kong Hu Cu wandering foot step, so the itinerant teacher, just returned home from five years before his death in 479 BC.

Kong Hu Cu-often regarded as the founder of a religion; assumption is of course wrong. He rarely associate with the divine teachings, rejecting the afterlife of natural conversation, and firmly deny any speech-related problems metaflsika. He-no more and no less-a secular philosopher, just dealing with moral problems as well as political and personal moral behavior.

There are two values ​​are very important, said Kong Hu-Cu, the "yen" and "Li:" "Yen" is often translated with the word "Love," but they are more subject to mean "The hospitality in a relationship with someone. '" Li "described as a combination of behavior, worship, customs, manners and courtesy.

Worship of ancestors, the son of essentially basic beliefs of China even before the birth of Hu-Cu Kong, more emphasis was confirmed again with loyalty to relatives and respect for the elderly. Teachings of Confucius-Cu also underlines the importance of necessity a wife respect and obey her husband and a similar obligation of a citizen to his government. This is quite different from Chinese folk tales that always opposed every form of tyranny. Kong Hu Cu-sure, there's no other country to serve the interests of the people, not turned back. Not tired-jemunya Kong Hu Cu-emphasize that the ruler must rule first of all give you an example based on a model that moralists and instead of playing through loud and kemplang. And one of the few legal doctrine similar to the "Golden Rule" Christians who read his "What you do not like others to do unto you, do not."

The main view of the subject-Kong Hu Cu basically very conservative. He thought, the golden age was past, and he urged both the ruler and the people to return home, holding on to moral genah size, do not digress. The fact that there is not an easy matter at hand. The desire Kong Hu Cu-order rule is not playing the way she snapped, but by show of good role models are not so fluent in the early era. Therefore, Kong Hu Cu-more approach a reformer, an innovator rather than what is really so ideal.

Kong Hu Cu-lived in Chou Dynasty, a period menyuburnya intellectual life in China, while the ruling was ignored altogether-petuahnya advice. Only after he wafatlah his teachings spread throughout the corner of China.

Berbetulan with the emergence of Ch'in dynasty in 221 BC, had a very bleak future. Emperor Shih Huang Ti, the first emperor of Ch'ing dynasty, unanimously determined to clear-cutting-adherent Kong Hu Cu and cut off the chain of contact of the past. Issuance of order of the day menggencet creamed teachings Kong Hu Cu-view mirror and move well and professional thugs and vandals to conduct a massive search, seize all the books containing the teachings of Confucius-Cu and dicemplungkan into the fire pit until it is destroyed to ashes. Depravity plan is apparently not too effective. When the Ch'ing dynasty neared collapse, adherents of Hu-Cu Kong revived embers to rekindle his spirits and doctrines of Confucius-Cu. In the next dynasty (Han dynasty of 206 BC - 220 AD). Confucianisme became the official philosophy of the Chinese state.

Starting from the Han dynasty, the emperors of China level by level to develop selection systems for those who want to become civil servants by way of taking the exam in order to become civil servants do not haphazard but people have good quality standards and moral skills. Over time more and more directed and weighted selection: eye exam includes basic philosophy-Kong Hu Cu. Since the country is so pegawal ladder towards material prosperity and social status keterangkatan, please understandable if among enthusiasts fought fierce battles going places. The next result, generations of air-frontman frontman Chinese intellectuals in great quantities to pursue until the eye dizzy realm of classical writings-Khong Hu Cu. And, for centuries the Chinese civil servants consist of people gaze rests on the philosophy of Confucius-Cu. This system (with only a slight distraction) lasted for almost two thousand years, starting in 100 BC to 1900 AD

But, Confucianisme not only government official philosophy of China, but also accepted and lived by the great majority of Chinese people, influential down to the basics of their hearts, to scout the direction of thinking during a period of more than two thousand years.

There are several reasons why Confucianisme had such a tremendous influence on Chinese people. First, the honesty and innocence Kong Hu Cu-not be doubted. Secondly, he's a moderate and exceedingly practical and do not ask many things that people are not able to be implemented. If Kong Hu Cu-wanted someone to be respected, that person need not bother to become a holy man first. In this case, as in the case of other teachings, he reflects and simultaneously translate the practical character of the Chinese people. Aspect is the possibility that the most basic factor of success of the teachings of Confucius-Cu. Kong Hu Cu-exceedingly not ask for much. For example he did not ask the Chinese to exchange the basics of old beliefs. In fact the opposite, Kong Hu Cu come-supporting with clean clear language so that they do not need to be shuffled. Apparently, no one anywhere in the world of philosophers who are so close contact in terms of views which are fundamental to the residents as well as Hu-Cu Kong.

Confucianisme that emphasizes a series of obligations aimed at individuals rather than accentuate their rights-it was difficult to digest and less attractive to the size of the Western world. As a philosophy of state looks amazingly effective. Measured in terms of capability to maintain harmony and prosperity in the Chinese domestic a period of not less than two thousand years, it is clear can be equated with other forms of government in the world.

The idea of ​​philosophy Kong Hu Cu-rooted in Chinese culture, not many influential outside the East Asian region. In Korea and Japan are subtle effect and is due to these two countries are strongly influenced by Chinese culture.

Currently in a state Confucianisme Guram in China. The problem is, the Communist government bend over backwards in order to link the minds of the population with the past is lost altogether. With the persistent and systematic Confucianisme pounded out so most likely someday not too far away from earth Confucianisme China. But because in the past, riding Confilcianisme roots so deep in the earth plunged China, not impossible, whether one hundred or one hundred fifty lahun to come - some Chinese philosophers could marry off two big ideas: Confucianisme and the teachings of Mao Tse-Tung.